Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’amahoro (RRA) cyahuguye ababaruramari n’abajyanama mu by’imisoro, hagamijwe kubibutsa ibigomba kwitabwaho mu kumenyekanisha umusoro ku nyungu zabonetse mu mwaka wa 2023, by’umwihariko ku basora hashingiwe ku nyungu nyakuri.

Ni mu gihe igikorwa cyo kumenyekanisha no kwishyura umusoro ku nyungu za 2023, kizarangira ku wa 31 Werurwe 2024.

Umuyobozi ushinzwe isesenguramakuru mu misoreshereze (Director for Performance Management and Business Analysis Unit) muri RRA, Uwayezu Victor, yibukije ko mu kumenyekanisha umusoro ku nyungu z’amasosiyete, ibyatunze umwuga bizakurwa mu nyungu zisoreshwa ari ibifitiwe fagitire za EBM mu gihe byaguriwe imbere mu gihugu, imenyekanisha ryo muri Gasutamo ku byatumijwe mu mahanga, cyangwa imisoro ifatirwa. 

Icyakora, hashyizweho umwihariko ku bintu na serivisi byaguzwe kugira ngo ikigo kibashe gukora, ariko bidashobora kubonerwa fagitire za EBM. Ibyatunze umwuga bidashobora kubonerwa EBM byashyizwe mu byiciro birindwi (bishobora no kwiyongera) muri sisitemu y’ikoranabuhanga, bikazuzuzwa mu mugereka wiswe ‘Ledger’.

Harimo ibyaguzwe ku bahinzi n’aborozi baciriritse cyangwa ku batari abacuruzi; ibyakoreshejwe imbere mu kigo; ibyateganyirijwe umwenda utazishyurwa, imanza zikiri mu nkiko, ishimwe ritarishyurwa cyangwa ibizishyurwa bitaraba impamo; ibitarakorerwa fagitire kandi bitarishyurwa; ibyatunze umwuga mu rwego rw'imari; serivisi zaguriwe mu mahanga cyangwa ibyaguzwe mu bigo bya leta n'ibishamikiye kuri leta, bidakora ubucuruzi, n’ibindi.

Uwayezu ati “Mu gutegura uyu mugereka twahereye ku makuru twabonye ko hari amafaranga akoreshwa ku bitunga umwuga ariko bidashobora kubonerwa fagitire za EBM, ibyo nibyo tuzemera 100%. Ariko ibindi bidahekerejwe na EBM, imenyekanisha ryakorewe muri gasutamo cyangwa imisoro yafatiriwe, bizasaba ko tubanza kubigenzura, kandi dufite uburyo buzadufasha kwihutisha icyo gikorwa.”

Itegeko riteganya ko abacuruzi bose mu Rwanda bakabaye bakoresha EBM, nubwo bitarubahirizwa uko bikwiye.

Mu gushaka kunyereza umusoro, hari abacuruzi bagiye bavuga ko baguze ibintu cyangwa serivisi runaka badafitiye fagitire, nyamara bidafite n’aho bihuriye n’ umwuga bakora. Ibyo bakabikora bashaka kwerekana ko bahombye cyangwa bungutse make. 

Ku rundi ruhande, hari n’uwashoboraga kumenyekanisha ko yishyura inyungu runaka ku nguzanyo afite muri banki, kandi ntayo yafashe.

Umugereka w’ibyatunze umwuga bidafitiwe EBM ugomba kuba wohererejwe RRA bitarenze ku wa 15 Gashyantare 2024, kugirango ukorerwe igenzura kandi wemezwe mbere y’uko wifashishwa mu guherekeza imenyekanishamusoro.

Mu mpinduka zakozwe kandi, abasora barengeje miliyoni 600 Frw z’ibyacurujwe basabwa kubanza kunyuza ibitabo by’ibaruramari ku babaruramari babigize umwuga bakabyemeza, izo nyandiko zigaherekeza imenyekanishamusoro hakoreshejwe sisiteme ya RRA.

Bisaba umucuruzi kwinjira muri sisiteme akoreramo imenyekanishamusoro, akemeza umuntu uzamukorera igenzura ry’ibitabo by’imari n’amafaranga y’ikiguzi cyo kwemeza ibyo bitabo by’ibaruramari, agahita abona ubutumwa bubimumenyesha.

Pierre Damien Bazimaziki, umwe mu bayobozi mu rugaga rw’abajyanama mu by’imisoro mu Rwanda, yashimye ko aya mahugurwa yabafashije kumenya impinduka zabaye mu kumenyekanisha umusoro ku nyungu, hagamijwe ko isora n’umwuga wabo byakorwa neza kurushaho. 

Ni kimwe na Straton Nyirindekwe uyobora FinHouse Partners Ltd, ikigo gifasha ibigo mu bujyanama mu misoro no kugenzura ibitabo by’imari. Yavuze ko ari byiza ko buri gikorwa cy’ubucuruzi kigaragaza ibyagitunze nyabyo, kugirango hatangwe umusoro nyawo.

Ati “Urebye nko mu mwaka ushize, umuntu yapfaga gushyiramo ibintu bidafite fagitire za EBM, ariko uyu munsi ni byiza kuko biranyura muri sisiteme, RRA ikabyemeza, usora akabona kumenyekanisha no gutanga umusoro ukwiriye. Ni amahugurwa ya nyayo, yahawe abantu ba nyabo, kugira ngo bafashe abacuruzi mu kuzamenyekanisha no kuzatanga umusoro wa nyawo, ukwiriye.”

Mukasekuru Marie Rose ukorera ubujyanama bw’imisoro i Rusizi mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba, yasabye bagenzi be gushishikariza abasora ko nyuma yo kumenyekanisha nk’uko bikwiye, bakwishyura hakiri kare, bakirinda ingorane zabaho mu minsi ya nyuma.

Uretse abasora barengeje miliyoni 600 Frw z’ibyacurujwe basabwa kubanza kunyuza ibitabo by’ibaruramari ku babaruramari babigize umwuga kugira ngo byemezwe. Itegeko No 027/2022 ryo kuwa 20/10/2022 rishyiraho imisoro ku musaruro mu ngingo ya 45 rigena abasonewe umusoro ku nyungu z’amasosiyete ariko basabwa gushyikiriza Ubuyobozi bw’imisoro ibitabo by’ibaruramari byemejwe n’ababaruramari babigize umwuga bitarenze itariki ya 31 Werurwe za buri mwaka.  

Barimo nk’Umujyi wa Kigali; Akarere; Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda; imiryango mpuzamahanga cyangwa imiryango y’ubufatanye mu bya tekiniki, ibigega bya pansiyo byemewe; urwego rwa Leta rufite ubwiteganyirize mu nshingano; Banki Itsura Amajyambere y’u Rwanda n’abandi. 

Ku wa 14 Nzeri 2023 nibwo hasohotse Itegeko rishya rishyiraho imisoro ku musaruro, ryagabanyije igipimo cy’umusoro ku nyungu z’amasosiyete kiva kuri 30%, kiba 28%. Mu gusora, inyungu z’umwaka wa 2023 zagabanyijwemo  ibice ibiri: igice kiva kuwa 1 Mutarama kugeza kuwa 13 Nzeri 2023 (iminsi 256) kizasoreshwa kuri 30%, naho igice gihera ku wa 14 Nzeri kugeza ku wa 31 Ukuboza 2023 (iminsi 109) kizasoreshwe kuri 28%.

Abitabiriye aya mahugurwa banibukijwe gushishikariza abasora bakorana kurushaho gukoresha EBM, no kwishyura ku gihe imisoro yeguriwe inzego z’ibanze, irimo ipatanti n’umusoro ku mitungo itimukanwa.